{"id":1859,"date":"2025-07-07T19:25:51","date_gmt":"2025-07-07T19:25:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/colapso.ggf.br\/?p=1859"},"modified":"2025-07-07T19:25:51","modified_gmt":"2025-07-07T19:25:51","slug":"trapped-in-the-forest-how-soil-shapes-an-unusual-grassland-in-the-atlantic-rainforest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/colapso.ggf.br\/en\/trapped-in-the-forest-how-soil-shapes-an-unusual-grassland-in-the-atlantic-rainforest\/","title":{"rendered":"Trapped in the forest: how soil shapes an unusual grassland in the Atlantic Rainforest"},"content":{"rendered":"

Amid the dense Atlantic Forest of the Serra do Mar in southeastern Brazil, a herbaceous-shrubby grassland stands out in an otherwise forested landscape. Surrounded by lush ombrophilous forest, the Campo do Veludo<\/em> defies the region’s environmental logic. Why does the forest fail to reclaim this clearing? What explains the persistence of a campestre vegetation enclave in one of the world\u2019s most biodiverse tropical biomes?<\/p>\n

\"Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o

[learn_more caption=\"Figure 1 \u2013 Location of the Campo do Veludo within the Rio Turvo State Park, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil.\" state=\"open\"] This figure presents three maps: the first (top left) shows the location of S\u00e3o Paulo state in Brazil; the second (bottom left) indicates the approximate position of the Campo do Veludo within the park; and the third (right) details its spatial distribution amidst the forest cover of the Atlantic Forest.
Source: Schacht & Alves, 2024.[\/learn_more]<\/p><\/div>\n

The Enigma of Campo do Veludo<\/h3>\n

These questions motivated the study by Grace Bungenstab Alves<\/strong> (UFBA) and Gustavo Luis Schacht<\/strong> (UFRB), who sought to understand the environmental factors sustaining this exceptional landscape within the Rio Turvo State Park. By integrating soil, topographic, and vegetation data, the research reveals that soil properties, especially Spodosols, play a decisive role<\/strong> in shaping local vegetation patterns.<\/p>\n

Soil as an Ecological Filter<\/h3>\n

The team identified shallow, acidic, poorly drained soils with high organic matter content and a perched water table. These conditions restrict plant diversity and favor species adapted to waterlogging and low nutrient availability, such as Sphagnum<\/em> mosses, carnivorous Drosera<\/em>, and stunted shrubs of the genus Psidium<\/em>. The area thus forms a biogeographic enclave shaped by pedological constraints<\/strong>, marked by abrupt transitions between campestre vegetation and ombrophilous forest as the underlying substrate changes.<\/p>\n

\"\"

[learn_more caption=\"Figure 2 \u2013 Topographic and phytogeographic profile of the Campo do Veludo, Rio Turvo State Park (SP).\" state=\"open\"] This west\u2013east cross-section highlights changes in vegetation structure and soil types, including Spodosols, Gleysols, and Inceptisols associated with Quaternary alluvial deposits. The aerial image above the profile shows the transect’s path through the landscape.
Source: Schacht & Alves, 2024.[\/learn_more]<\/p><\/div>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\t

Accessible description (for visually impaired readers)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t
This lateral graphic profile represents approximately 260 meters across the landscape from west to east. It features gentle topography with shifts in soil types and vegetation\u2014higher elevations host campestre vegetation over alluvial deposits and Inceptisols on the western side. Further east, lower-lying areas with Gleysols and Spodosols support herbaceous-shrubby vegetation and forest patches. The aerial image above the diagram outlines the transect location within the landscape mosaic.<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n

Spodosols and Landscapes of Exception<\/h3>\n

This configuration illustrates a clear case of pedological control over vegetation<\/strong>. The soil acts as an ecological filter, selecting species that tolerate chemical and hydrological stress. As a result, the Campo do Veludo maintains distinctive structural and floristic characteristics, even when surrounded by dense forest.<\/p>\n

Connections to the Mu\u00e7ununga Formations<\/h3>\n

In addition to advancing knowledge on underexplored Atlantic Forest landscapes, the study hypothesizes that the Campo do Veludo may be related to mu\u00e7ununga formations<\/strong>, previously identified only in Esp\u00edrito Santo and southern Bahia. This would suggest a broader, overlooked continuum of soil-controlled ecosystems in southeastern Brazil.<\/p>\n

Scientific Implications and Future Research<\/h3>\n

The findings underscore the importance of pedogeomorphological analyses<\/strong> in understanding the mechanisms sustaining tropical landscape diversity. The study also opens new pathways for investigating landscape evolution under varying climatic regimes, including the potential persistence of relict formations shaped by past environmental conditions.<\/p>\n

\ud83d\udcc4 Reference<\/strong>:
SCHACHT, G. L.; ALVES, G. B. Controle pedol\u00f3gico na vegeta\u00e7\u00e3o campestre da Serra do Mar: o caso do Parque Estadual do Rio Turvo, SP (Brasil)<\/em>. Geografia Ensino & Pesquisa<\/em>, v. 28, e84638, 2024.<\/p>\n

Available at:
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5902\/2236499484638<\/a>
https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/382997858_Controle_pedologico_na_vegetacao_campestre_da_Serra_do_Mar_o_caso_do_Parque_Estadual_do_Rio_Turvo_SP_Brasil<\/a><\/p>\n

\ud83d\udccc Explore more content at: https:\/\/colapso.ggf.br\/blog\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This study investigates the Campo do Veludo, an isolated grassland formation within the Atlantic Forest in southern S\u00e3o Paulo. By integrating soil, topographic, and vegetation data, the research shows that shallow, acidic, and poorly drained Spodosols shape the landscape structure and constrain forest expansion, resulting in a biogeographic enclave of exception. The authors also explore possible connections with mu\u00e7ununga formations, broadening the discussion on landscape diversity in humid tropical regions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1856,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[396],"tags":[398,402,342,340,403,397,401,341,363,400,358,399,350],"class_list":["post-1859","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pedologia-e-paisagem-en","tag-atlantic-forest","tag-biogeography","tag-colapso-nature-and-society","tag-grace-alves-en","tag-gustavo-schacht-en","tag-landscape","tag-mucunungas-en","tag-pedology-en","tag-physical-geography","tag-rio-turvo-state-park","tag-soil-and-landscape-en","tag-spodosols","tag-tropical-soils"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTrapped in the forest: how 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